essential question: despite overt racism, how did negr's improve life in the 1920s for themselves?
Despite racism in the 1920s, Negros improved their life in the 1920s because they put a challenge to the white middle classes. The white middle classes now have to acknowledge Blacks as competition because Blacks are now being educated. Blacks also are expressing their heritage and experiences in writing and music which in the future opens up new opportunities.The evolution of jazz music and culture made African American culture popular for the first time. It also made African American better known. They also established groups and united together forming groups with commonalities.
Harlem Renaissance
What developments during World War I helped give rise to the Harlem Renaissance?
During World War I, The Great Migration was a big factor towards the Harlem Renaissance. Between 1919 and 1926 large populations of Blacks migrated to the north to look for jobs and take part in World War I. Migration of Blacks to the north and the forming movements also helped raise the Harlem Renaissance. In lower Manhattan and upper Manhattan there was a series of literary meetings also known as the ‘New Negro Movement’. The movement brought new creative writings, arts, and expressed African-Americans and where they originated. At the end of the civil war black Americans were able to get more education and be employed. This created the first black middle class in America. As a result black Americans were able to afford more of what white Americans had.
During the time housing executives originally wanted to create Harlem for employed whites who wanted to stay in the city. But the developers were very pushy. Eventually that drove the whites out. Since the whites were out, the developers had to adjust their prices so they can benefit. The developers started selling their properties to Philip A. Payton, John E. Nail, and Henry C. Parker. They eventually started renting them to Blacks. Since they started renting to blacks, many people were intrigued, and by the 1920s, the number of blacks in New York City doubled. By this time, many Black advocates, artists, and intellectuals resided in Harlem.
• How was racial consciousness and racial pride affected by the Harlem Renaissance?
The Harlem Renaissance was an opportunity to escape racism and to get Blacks freedom and equality. Although the Civil War was a turning point in abolishing slavery, there was still racial tension and inequality between Blacks and Whites. The Harlem Renaissance quickly grew as more African Americans arrived in Harlem. The majority of the Blacks united at Harlem to display the pride they had for themselves and their culture. Although the Blacks had social differences their originality brought them together, their experiences, prejudices and similar events brought a common area for them to unite. In this area race sympathy held them together. Because of what Blacks hated, racism, they all now have a common ground.
During World War I, The Great Migration was a big factor towards the Harlem Renaissance. Between 1919 and 1926 large populations of Blacks migrated to the north to look for jobs and take part in World War I. Migration of Blacks to the north and the forming movements also helped raise the Harlem Renaissance. In lower Manhattan and upper Manhattan there was a series of literary meetings also known as the ‘New Negro Movement’. The movement brought new creative writings, arts, and expressed African-Americans and where they originated. At the end of the civil war black Americans were able to get more education and be employed. This created the first black middle class in America. As a result black Americans were able to afford more of what white Americans had.
During the time housing executives originally wanted to create Harlem for employed whites who wanted to stay in the city. But the developers were very pushy. Eventually that drove the whites out. Since the whites were out, the developers had to adjust their prices so they can benefit. The developers started selling their properties to Philip A. Payton, John E. Nail, and Henry C. Parker. They eventually started renting them to Blacks. Since they started renting to blacks, many people were intrigued, and by the 1920s, the number of blacks in New York City doubled. By this time, many Black advocates, artists, and intellectuals resided in Harlem.
• How was racial consciousness and racial pride affected by the Harlem Renaissance?
The Harlem Renaissance was an opportunity to escape racism and to get Blacks freedom and equality. Although the Civil War was a turning point in abolishing slavery, there was still racial tension and inequality between Blacks and Whites. The Harlem Renaissance quickly grew as more African Americans arrived in Harlem. The majority of the Blacks united at Harlem to display the pride they had for themselves and their culture. Although the Blacks had social differences their originality brought them together, their experiences, prejudices and similar events brought a common area for them to unite. In this area race sympathy held them together. Because of what Blacks hated, racism, they all now have a common ground.
music, literature, and the arts
What contributions did African Americans make in the fields of music, literature, and the arts?
In 1920s there were many African American contributions. In music, jazz helped the Women's Liberation Movement. Jazz music allowed women to rebel. It also gave jobs to women within the music industry allowing them to be individuals instead of their usual family roles. There were dance halls, clubs, and speakeasies that gave women the opportunity to rebel. In these events women were able to be free from language, clothing and behavior. Jazz music made jobs for women.
Before the 1920s all popular music was performed by male musicians but by 1920s, women like Lil' Hardin, Bessie Smith, and Ma Rainy created a career performing arts. Jazz music influenced the first Broadway musical, Showboat in 1927. This also opened new doors for women on and off stage. Throughout the 1920s, radio shows became very popular. As a result, jobs for women also increased, women were able to find jobs in advertising, cosmetic, and clothing industries. Because of African American’s Jazz music, they were able to help women.
In the 1920s African American literature was also influential. By the 1920s, musicians and poets combined both forms and created jazz poetry. Jazz poets were mainly influenced by jazz. Mina Loy was one of the the first women to write about jazz in poetry she entitled "Widow's Jazz"one of the first African American writer to publish a book was Phillis Wheatley. Wheatley was a slave brought from Africa as a child and sold to a merchant. With African American's opportunity for education increasing many Black writers emerged. During the 1920s one of the most well known writer was Langston Hughes. Hughes had a collection of poetry entitled The Weary Blues in 1926. Jean Toomer was also well known for his writings. He wrote Cane (1923), in the book he had stories, poems, and sketches of Black's lives. The Renaissance created a way for Black writers in the future decades.
In 1920s there were many African American contributions. In music, jazz helped the Women's Liberation Movement. Jazz music allowed women to rebel. It also gave jobs to women within the music industry allowing them to be individuals instead of their usual family roles. There were dance halls, clubs, and speakeasies that gave women the opportunity to rebel. In these events women were able to be free from language, clothing and behavior. Jazz music made jobs for women.
Before the 1920s all popular music was performed by male musicians but by 1920s, women like Lil' Hardin, Bessie Smith, and Ma Rainy created a career performing arts. Jazz music influenced the first Broadway musical, Showboat in 1927. This also opened new doors for women on and off stage. Throughout the 1920s, radio shows became very popular. As a result, jobs for women also increased, women were able to find jobs in advertising, cosmetic, and clothing industries. Because of African American’s Jazz music, they were able to help women.
In the 1920s African American literature was also influential. By the 1920s, musicians and poets combined both forms and created jazz poetry. Jazz poets were mainly influenced by jazz. Mina Loy was one of the the first women to write about jazz in poetry she entitled "Widow's Jazz"one of the first African American writer to publish a book was Phillis Wheatley. Wheatley was a slave brought from Africa as a child and sold to a merchant. With African American's opportunity for education increasing many Black writers emerged. During the 1920s one of the most well known writer was Langston Hughes. Hughes had a collection of poetry entitled The Weary Blues in 1926. Jean Toomer was also well known for his writings. He wrote Cane (1923), in the book he had stories, poems, and sketches of Black's lives. The Renaissance created a way for Black writers in the future decades.
new blend of American culture
How did mass media, the birth and evolution of jazz, and the Harlem Renaissance create a new blend of American culture?
The media, jazz, and the Harlem Renaissance created a new blend of American culture because African Americans were no longer as inferior to whites. They took a bigger role in their community they had more of a say in government and it was not anything anyone was used to. Whites had to focus on Black influences in social, economic, and political issues and medium class whites also had competition.
The media, jazz, and the Harlem Renaissance created a new blend of American culture because African Americans were no longer as inferior to whites. They took a bigger role in their community they had more of a say in government and it was not anything anyone was used to. Whites had to focus on Black influences in social, economic, and political issues and medium class whites also had competition.
Marcus Garvey’s UNIA
How did Marcus Garvey’s UNIA show an emergence of Blacks asserting themselves?
Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association, helped develop and maintain Blacks in the community because they helped create a group that was willing to fight. Garvey stated, "As a people we must unite everywhere; we must forget the narrowness of nationality and insularity. We must remember we are oppressed because of our economic and political un-development in race. We will never be respected and given our rights until we rise above the universal stagnation in race".
With the developments, the association created a stronger community for Blacks, opened up opportunities and also encouraged their special abilities. Writers, painters and musicians all expressed their thoughts with recent issues. Some famous examples are Aaron Douglas and Duke Ellington, they expressed their thoughts with their own artistic skills.
Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association, helped develop and maintain Blacks in the community because they helped create a group that was willing to fight. Garvey stated, "As a people we must unite everywhere; we must forget the narrowness of nationality and insularity. We must remember we are oppressed because of our economic and political un-development in race. We will never be respected and given our rights until we rise above the universal stagnation in race".
With the developments, the association created a stronger community for Blacks, opened up opportunities and also encouraged their special abilities. Writers, painters and musicians all expressed their thoughts with recent issues. Some famous examples are Aaron Douglas and Duke Ellington, they expressed their thoughts with their own artistic skills.
vocabulary
Renaissance: Revival or rebirth, esp of culture and learning
Jazz: A style of music, native to America, characterized by a strong but flexible rhythmic under structure with solo and ensemble improvisations on basic tunes and chord patterns and, more recently, a highly sophisticated harmonic idiom
Jazz: A style of music, native to America, characterized by a strong but flexible rhythmic under structure with solo and ensemble improvisations on basic tunes and chord patterns and, more recently, a highly sophisticated harmonic idiom